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Comparison of chemical composition and antibactrial activity of essential oils extracted by microwave-assisted hydrodistillation and hydrodistillation methods from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Fennel)

Mohammad Hossein Farjam, Fatemeh Bazregari

In this study, The essential oils isolated from aerial parts of Foeniculum vulgare Mill by hydrodistillation (HD), and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD) techniques, were analyzed bymeans ofGC and GC-MSmethods. The oil extracted byMWHDmethod contained 12 compoundswith a yield of 0.12%(w/w), representing 77.78%of the total oil. 12 compoundswere identified in the volatiles fromthe aerial parts of F. vulgare byHDmethod comprising 37.9%of the total oil in 0.12%(w/w) yield. The main components of the water distilled oil were found to Phenyl glyoxime (12.84%), Isopulegone (7.17%), p-Mentha-2,4,(8)-diene (5.67%)while the oil extracted byMWHDmethod wasmainly composed of dihydro indol-4- ol-2-one,5,7-dibromo-3,3-dimethyl(34.03), Benzene, (1-methyl-2-propenyl- 3-ol) (21.52%) and 7-hydroxy-bicyclo [3.3.1] non-2-en-9-one (7.55%).Also the anticlerical activities of the oils were compared by usingMIC method.