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Properties and Electro catalytic Applications of Carbon Quantum Dots

Sara Brown

Luminescent Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) are a new type of nano-carbon material that has received a lot of attention recently, especially in chemical sensors, bio-imaging, nanomedicine, solar cells, Light-Emitting Diode (LED) and electrocatalysis. CQDs can be made easily and cheaply using a variety of techniques, including the arc-discharge method, microwave pyrolysis, hydrothermal method, and electrochemical synthesis. CQDs have outstanding physical and chemical properties such as high crystallisation, good dispersibility, and photoluminescence. CQDs, in particular, have improved electrical conductivity and catalytic activity due to their small size, superconductivity, and rapid electron transfer. Furthermore, CQDs have a lot of functional groups on the surface, which could make it easier to make multi-component electrical active catalysts. Interactions within these multi-component catalysts may improve catalytic performance further by promoting charge transfer, which is important in electrochemistry. Recent studies on CQDs have concentrated on their fluorescence and photocatalytic properties. This review will summarise the major advances of CQDs in synthetic methods, excellent physical and electronic properties, and applications in electrocatalysis, such as Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR), Oxygen Revolution Reaction (OER), Hydrogen Evolution Reduction (HER), and CO2 Reduction Reaction (CO2RR).