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Rosmarinus tomentosus extracts: Antioxidant and protective effects against cyclophosphamide and buthionine sulfoximine induced bladder urotoxicity in rats

Bechr Hamrita, Kamel Rouissi, Yosra Messai, Bassem Jaouadi, Mohamed Cherif, Amel Benammar Elgaaied

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an alkylating agent and has been primarily used as an anti-neoplastic agent for the treatmentof various forms of cancer witch causes toxicity by its reactive metabolites such as acrolein and phosphoramide mustard. In this study we investigated the effect of Rosmarinus tomentosus (Romarin) extract on urotoxicity induced by acute dose of CP and buthionine-SR-sulfoximine (BSO) using Swiss albino mice model.Modulation of toxicitywas evaluated bymeasuring lipid peroxidation (LPO) and anti-oxidants in urinary bladder inmice. Rosmarinus tomentosus showed protective effect not only on LPO but also on the enzymatic antioxidants. CP-treated animals exhibited a significant decrease in the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and catalase (CAT)when compared to the controls.Level of reduced glutathione (GSH)was also reducedwith an increase inLPOinCPtreated animals.BSOtreatment depicted an additive toxic effect inCP-treated animals. Pre-treatment of Rosmarinus tomentosus extract restored activities of all the enzymes and thus showed an overall protective effect on additive effect of CP and BSO. Restoration ofGSH by extract treatmentmay play an important role in reversing CP-induced apoptosis and free radicalmediated LPOin urinary bladder.